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The Best Backpacking Water Filters of 2023

The Best Backpacking Water Filters of 2023

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The Best Backpacking Water Filters of 2022
Laura Lancaster

We pumped hundreds of liters of dirty water to find the fastest and most reliable filter


The post The Best Backpacking Water Filters of 2023 appeared first on Outdoor Life.



                              

                   
The Best Backpacking Water Filters of 2022
Laura Lancaster

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            Easiest to Use
         

            Katadyn Be Free
         

            Katadyn BeFree
         

           
               
                  SEE IT
               

           

         

             
Summary

             

No backflushing required to maintain a fast flow.



           

            Most Reliable
         

            MSR Guardian Water Filter
         

            MSR Guardian
         

           
               
                  SEE IT
               

           

         

             
Summary

             

Fast filtration and effective against viruses.



           

            Best for Groups
         

            Platypus Gravity Filter
         

            Platypus GravityWorks
         

           
               
                  SEE IT
               

           

         

             
Summary

             

Large and quick enough for big camping groups.



           

 





Imagine this: you’re in the backcountry, nearly out of liquids on a scorcher of a day, when you hit the first water source you’ve seen for hours. You sit down, pull out your bladder and your pump, and drop the intake tube into the water. But when you go to pump, the pressure goes slack. Or the nozzle jams, barely a drop co*ing out no matter how much you squeeze. Chances are, if you’ve spent enough time in the backcountry, you don’t have to imagine this scenario: It’s happened to you. Maybe more than once. 





It’s certainly happened to me. So for Outdoor Life’s test of the best backpacking water filters, we decided to see which models from the top brands—including MSR, Lifestraw, Katadyn, Grayl, Platypus, and RapidPure—could handle the gnarliest water conditions backpackers can expect to find: stagnant water with high levels of bacterial contamination, the dark-tea tannin-filled water of a wetland, and silt-filled glacial runoff. 









Best Backpacking Water filters of 2023
The initial field. Laura Lancaster




How I Tested Backpacking Water Filters





Before I even began testing, I interviewed the folks at MSR, LifeStraw, and Katadyn about how they guarantee that their filters are indeed removing bacteria and protozoa (and in the case of a few of them, viruses). All of them engage in rigorous testing, using EPA or NSF standards, both in their own facilities and through third parties, like BCS Laboratories out of Florida. I visited the MSR facility where they showed me the lab where they not only grow E. coli bacteria, but also a virus that attacks E. coli, to test the performance of their Guardian filter. The thoroughness of this testing is not something that can be easily replicated in the natural environment, where the pre-existing levels of bacteria, protozoa, and viruses are unknown. As such, my testing did not look at how well the filters dealt with bacteria, protozoa, and viruses, because all the filters in this review use EPA or NSF standards.





Something else that you’ll often see on the packaging of backpacking water filters is the number of liters per minute that they filter. This number, however, only reflects what the filter is capable of doing right out of the box—not after you’ve taken it out on a couple of backpacking trips—or 20. The brands of course are testing to ensure that the filters can withstand a certain level of grit, but it’s rare to learn what the flow rate of the filters are after they’ve been exposed to some less-than-ideal water sources, let alone how much grit and sediment and muck a filter can take before it craps out co*pletely. So my testing looked at what conditions the backpacking filters can withstand and still return a reasonable (or any) flow rate.





To start, I called in or purchased the most popular backpacking water filters available, along with corresponding models from their co*petitors. Before I began testing the filters out in the field, I first timed how long it took each to filter one liter of water out of the box. Generally, these times corresponded to the advertised times of the manufacturers. During this process, I also noted how co*plicated the filter setup was out of the box. 





Then I took the filters to a public beach in Bellevue, Washington, which had been closed due to high levels of fecal matter (three times more than what’s considered safe for swimming). Here I filtered five liters of water through each of the filters in my test.





Posted Warning sign
Bad news for swimmers; good news for filter testing. Laura Lancaster




In addition to the recorded high levels of fecal contamination, the water was also fairly scummy.





Contaminated Water
I wouldn’t want to drink that even without knowing that it was heavily contaminated with bacteria. Laura Lancaster




At the end of the first round of testing, I took the filters back home and measured how long it took to run a liter of water through each, and how that co*pared to the out-of-the box test. In most cases, there was a noticeable, if not significant, effect on the length of time it took to filter one liter of water. Ironically, some filters measured a faster time at the end of the initial round of testing than they had at the start; my impression is that this is the result of my beco*ing more efficient at using the filter with practice.





Murky water
Good luck picking up a clean scoop of water out of the rivulets running through the Narbeck Wetland Sanctuary.




The second round of testing took place at Narbeck Wetland Sanctuary, just north of Seattle, Washington. This is a classically beautiful swamp, with plenty of water but all of it gunked up by the dirt and tannins and life teeming beneath the surface. Here we would see how well the backpacking water filters responded to the mucky water sources that those in the backcountry are sometimes forced to resort to. I filtered three liters through each of the water filters at this site, and then headed home to record how long it was taking each water filter to push water through.





Before and after water filter
The before and after co*parison at the second testing site was surprisingly dramatic.




Unsurprisingly, some of the filters were really struggling at the end of this test. For the filters that took over two minutes to process a liter of water, I followed manufacturer directions to backflush (pushing water backwards through the filter) or otherwise clean the filter, noting that some filters could not be cleaned or backflushed.









Then I retested those filters (the results are noted in a parenthetical in the below table) to see how effective cleaning the filters was at establishing water flow. The two filters that took over five minutes to process a liter of water at the end of the second round of testing, the LifeStraw Peak Series Gravity and the RapidPure Purifier+, were removed from the test at that time.





Muddy river
The headwaters of the Puyallup River are found in the glaciers of nearby Mount Rainier.




The final testing site was the Puyallup River, accessed at the town of Orting, Washington. At first glance, the Puyallup looks like any other muddy river. But the Puyallup gets its color from glacial sediment, an extremely fine silt that stays suspended in the water. This sediment also works its way into the inner workings of filtration systems like nobody’s business. No one would choose to filter this kind of water unless there was no other option available; sometimes, there is no other option available.





Filter next to muddy river
I don’t reco*mend trying to filter glacial runoff on your next backpacking trip.




Unsurprisingly, many of the filters struggled with cleaning three liters of water during this test, and one (the MSR Miniworks EX) was removed from testing as it simply clogged up and stopped working. At the end of this round of testing, the filters were measured to see what their flow rate was. Next, the filters, where possible, were also backflushed, or otherwise cleaned, and then had their flow rate measured again. (Note that some of the times for this stage were again faster than the initial flow. While I made an effort to standardize the amount of elbow grease I was putting into each filter during the timed test, it’s clear that I was putting more elbow grease into the final stage of testing than I did straight out of the box). The final step of this test was to reweigh each of the filters to assess how their weight had changed from the start of testing. I pumped out as much water as I could from each filter and then placed the filters in an enclosed room with a dehumidifier to remove excess water (without drying out the filter co*ponents themselves). After an hour, I took them out and reweighed them.





The results of water filter testing.
*These filters came with only a half liter capacity; as such, the recorded times here have been doubled to match the majority of filters with a one liter capacity.




Additional testing was done on several chemical and UV treatment options as part of the inaugural Outdoor Life backpacking gear test. While chemical and UV treatment options do not remove any dirt or grit or microplastics from water sources, they can render bacteria, protozoa, and even viruses inert, making water safe to drink.





Best Backpacking Water Filters: Reviews & Reco*mendations





Fastest Flow: Platypus QuickDraw




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Platypus



     

             


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Key Features






  • Effective against protozoa and bacteria




  • Weight: 3.4 ounces (initial); 4.2 ounces (end of testing)




  • Time to filter a liter of water: 0:35 (initial); 0:40 (end of testing)





Pros






  • The fastest filter I tested overall




  • Lightweight




  • Durable




  • Can be paired with a SmartWater bottle





Cons






  • Backflushing was more co*plicated than the Sawyer Squeeze or Katadyn BeFree





While the Platypus QuickDraw was a hair behind the Katadyn BeFree after the initial round of testing, it was out in front of the pack at the end of testing. The only round where the QuickDraw struggled was in the mucky water of the wetland, although I didn’t backflush it until after the glacial runoff round as its flow was still ahead of the majority of filters. Once backflushed, its performance was restored to close to the level that it had out of the box.





The QuickDraw is speedy.
The QuickDraw is speedy. Ashley Thess




Unlike the Sawyer Squeeze, you can backflush the Platypus QuickDraw with a SmartWater bottle. While I appreciated that I didn’t need a separate tool to backflush the Platypus QuickDraw (something I’m prone to losing), I did find that the cap to the filter prevented me from creating a flush seal with the clean side of the filter. That being said, the Platypus QuickDraw cap was much more durable than either the Sawyer Squeeze’s (broken by the end of testing) or the Katadyn BeFree’s (getting there). While you can continue to filter water just fine without a cap, having it will help to increase the lifespan of your filter. I also found that the soft pliable material of platypus dirty sack co*bined with the positioning of the filter element on the interior (rather than on the inside of the bag), made this the most pleasant filter to squeeze water out of in my test. 





Best Lightweight: Katadyn BeFree




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Katadyn



     

             


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Key Features









Pros









Cons









Hikers filling the Quickdraw and BeFree.
Hikers filling the QuickDraw and BeFree filters. Ashley Thess




When it came time to clean the filters after three rounds of testing, I spent a lot of time on YouTube, learning how to clean ceramic filters and backflush with a SmartWater bottle. But when it was time to clean the BeFree, the instructions were almost co*ically simple. Just take it out of the bag, place it in a clean bowl of water, and swish it around a little. To be honest, I was doubtful this was going to do much, but I knew from conversations with the folks at Katadyn that backflushing this filter was not an option, as it may damage the hollow fibers and impair their ability to weed out protozoa and bacteria. 





To my surprise, the swishing appeared to work. The bowl of water quickly became a murky brown. I repeated the process a couple of times and retested: the flow rate had improved by almost 20 percent. Not bad. 





The Katadyn BeFree was the second lightest filter I tested, weighing a mere .2 ounces more than the Sawyer Mini despite co*ing with a larger dirty water sack—if you paired the Sawyer Mini with a SmartWater bottle instead of the provided dirty water sack, this would be the lighter of the two. For UL purists looking to update their Sawyer Squeeze, this should definitely be in contention.





Katadyn BeFree Water Filter
The flow rate out of the Katadyn BeFree was lightning fast, at least until I got to the last few drops. Laura Lancaster




There were a couple of things that I wish were different about the Katadyn BeFree. First off, the filter is housed inside of the dirty water bag, which makes it difficult to squeeze all of the water out—most of the time, this won’t be a big deal, but if you’re sitting at a seep in the Southwest, where the water is co*ing out at a trickly liter every 10 minutes, it could start to get old. The other is the design of the lid cap, which basically resembles what you would see on a sports drink at the convenience store. When I lightly twisted it to test the durability it started to snap off. Of course, I can still use the filter as long as I hold onto the cap, but I would rather see a more durable cap in exchange for a few extra grams.





Best Value: Sawyer Squeeze




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Sawyer



     

             


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Key Features









Pros









Cons









Flowing water makes the bags easy to fill. Standing water poses more of a challenge as the bag tends to collapse inward blocking the water from filling inside.
Flowing water makes the bag easy to fill.  Ashley Thess




The Sawyer Squeeze has been a backpacking mainstay for decades and testing showed that hikers’ loyalty is well-founded. While this filter was slower than both the Platypus Quickdraw and the Katadyn BeFree during the first round of testing (by about 15 seconds and 25 seconds respectively), it was out ahead of the BeFree by the end of testing, and only 5 second behind the QuickDraw. While my testing showed that the Sawyer Squeeze was faster at the end of testing than it was at the start, I suspect that I had simply gotten used to putting in an excessive amount of elbow grease into the filters after pushing over 40 liters of glacial runoff through 14 filters.  





Part of what makes this filter so effective is its backflushing system, which involves filling a simple syringe with water and then pushing its contents into the outflow nozzle on the filter. After running the filters through three liters each of the Puyallup River, I wasn’t surprised to see the water shoot out brown initially, but it cleared up after only a couple of rounds of backflushing. 





Author tests LifeStraw and Sawyer Squeeze water filters.
Author tests LifeStraw and Sawyer Squeeze water filters. Laura Lancaster




Unfortunately, the Sawyer Squeeze picked up two ounces of weight between the start and end of testing, suggesting that it’s holding onto more moisture (and potentially unbackflushed grit) inside the filter than other co*parative models.





Best Budget: Sawyer Squeeze Mini




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            Sawyer Mini Water Filter
                     

                 

           

 

         

       

Sawyer



     

             


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Key Features









Pros









Cons









The mini-me version of the Sawyer Squeeze is the perfect filter for UL enthusiasts—small enough that it won’t take up much real estate in your backpacking backpack and light enough (even after the final weigh-in) that you can scrub an ounce or more off your spreadsheet. Even better, it’s so affordable that it wouldn’t hurt your budget much to just replace it each season. Where it wobbles, unsurprisingly, is in water flow taking about twice as long as the standard Sawyer Squeeze to filter a liter of water. Of course, if you plan to attach the filter directly to a SmartWater bottle and suck the water out from there, that might not matter much to you.





Sawyer Mini Water Filter
A little more elbow grease was required to get the flow going out of the Sawyer Mini. Laura Lancaster




I used the provided dirty bag during testing and was impressed with its durability. Even after squeezing the bag as hard as I could to push the water out over ten rounds of filling and filtering to reach the desired five liters, the bag still looked like new. I only wish that it was larger—the bag that co*es with the mini is 16 ounces rather than the standard liter. Something else I noticed during testing was that the filter itself did not appear to screw onto the bag correctly. Each time I tried to fix it, the angle would still be lopsided. Fortunately, there were no leaks during testing so this appears to be mainly an aesthetic concern. 





While the flow rate for the Sawyer Mini was not especially impressive (about four times as long as the Katadyn BeFree), I did appreciate that it came with a lightweight syringe to backflush the filter when it starts to clog too much. 





Best Gravity: Katadyn Gravity BeFree




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Katadyn



     

             


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Key Features









Pros









Cons









At its core, all a water filtration system needs to do is move dirty water through a filter, without inadvertently contaminating the clean water vessel on the other side. One of the most popular styles of backpacking water filters leans into this simplicity: all a user has to do is fill up a plastic bag with dirty water, attach the filter, and then squeeze the water through into their drinking vessel.





Top Water Filter Brands
Three of the biggest brands in water filters—LifeStraw, Platypus, and Katadyn—all sell gravity filters.  Laura Lancaster




The idea behind a gravity filter is fairly straightforward, instead of squeezing or pumping dirty water into your drinking vessel, let gravity do the work for you. After filling up the dirty bag—which holds up to three liters in the case of Katadyn—you then elevate it by placing it on a large rock, hanging it in a tree, or even holding it yourself, whatever works. The higher the water is, the faster it will flow through the filter, but it will work as long as the bag itself is higher up than the end of the outlet hose. Then you can just walk away while gravity forces the water from the dirty water sources into your clean container.





Gravity Water Filters
During testing, the filters all worked great even when only elevated a couple of feet off the ground. Laura Lancaster




Of the three gravity filters in my test, the Katadyn Gravity BeFree had the fastest flow both when initially unboxed and after the final stage of testing. It was also lighter than the other two models in my test by several ounces. 





One small, but potentially significant, difference between the Katadyn BeFree and the Platypus GravityWorks and LifeStraw Peak Series Gravity is that the hang strap is not attached to the water flask when the gravity is first unboxed. This strap, however, should not be considered optional. The bail handle at the top of the water flask is not intended to be slung over a branch, and is too small for the branch size that you would need for the filter to be safely suspended. 









Another difference between the Katadyn Gravity BeFree and the other two filters in my test is that it is not designed for backflushing (which could damage the fibers), but the filter can be cleaned by carefully swishing it in water. While the filter did appear cleaner after I swished it, oddly, the time it took to filter a liter of water increased by a minute (I reran this test to confirm the results).





Best for Groups: Platypus GravityWorks




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Platypus